八色木

在这篇文章中，我们将使用Wii nunchuk手柄连接到Arduino，并实现对伺服电机的控制。

简介

偶然在箱子里发现一个旧的Wii Nunchuk手柄，又叫“双节棍”手柄，我想它是否可以用来控制Arduino，查阅了相关资料，确定Nunchuk手柄支持I2C方式连接到Arduino， 通过不断地研究深入，最后从todbot.com等网站上找到了相关的控制Will nunchuk的代码，于是就将代码移植过来，实现了 Will nunchuk 对伺服电机的控制!

Wii Nunchuk接口定义

把Wii Nunchuk和Arduino连接起来有几种方法，我们可以买一个Wii nunchuk的适配器，或者像剪断连接线，确保手柄再不需要和Wii连接使用了。本文采用了剪断线的方法，剪线之后再焊接了插针到nunchuk的连线，这样就可以和面包板更好的连接了。下图是Wii Nunchuk的接口定义 。

Wii Nunchuk连接Arduino

• 手柄白线 (GND) –> Arduino GND
• 手柄红线 ( +5V ) –> Arduino 5V
• 手柄绿线 (SDA) –> 模拟引脚 4 或者 专用的 SDA pin
• 手柄黄线 (SCL) –> 模拟引脚 5 或者 专用的 SCL pin

连接伺服电机到Arduino

Servo 1 (x-axis)

舵机棕线 (GND) –> Arduino GND

舵机红线 (5V) –> Arduino 5V

舵机黄线 (data/Signal) –> Arduino Pin 10

Servo 2 (y-axis)

舵机棕线 (GND) –> Arduino GND

舵机红线 (5V) –> Arduino 5V

舵机黄线 (data/Signal) –> Arduino Pin 9

连接全部组件

代码部分

使用Arduino IDE上传代码前，需要两个标准库： Wire.h 、 Servo.h 。

代码的执行顺序如下：

1. 初始化Nunchuk手柄的I2C接口；
2. 初始化伺服系统 ；
3. 读取Nunchuk手柄的数据；
4. 根据读取得 Nunchuk 手柄的实时数据控制伺服电机运动。

完整代码如下：

/*
 * NunchuckPrint
 * 2007 Tod E. Kurt, http://todbot.com/blog/
 * Change log:
 * 
 *    Mark Tashiro -    Changed Wire.read to Wire.write
 *                      Changed Wire.receive to Wire.read
 *                      Added code for servos
 */
 
#include <Wire.h>
#include <Servo.h>

Servo servoLeft;          // Define left servo
Servo servoRight;         // Define right servo

static uint8_t nunchuck_buf[6];   // array to store nunchuck data,

void setup()
{
  Serial.begin(19200);
  
  servoLeft.attach(10);  // Set left servo to digital pin 10
  servoRight.attach(9);  // Set right servo to digital pin 9
  
  nunchuck_setpowerpins(); // use analog pins 2&3 as fake gnd & pwr
  nunchuck_init(); // send the initilization handshake
  Serial.print ("Finished setup\n");
}

void loop()
{
  nunchuck_get_data();

// map nunchuk data to a servo data point
  int x_axis = map(nunchuck_buf[0], 23, 222, 180, 0);
  int y_axis = map(nunchuck_buf[1], 32, 231, 0, 180);

//move servo to desired position based on Wii nunchuk reading
  servoLeft.write(x_axis);
  servoRight.write(y_axis);
    
// un-comment next line to print data to serial monitor  
//  nunchuck_print_data();          

}


//
// Nunchuck functions
//

// Uses port C (analog in) pins as power & ground for Nunchuck
static void nunchuck_setpowerpins()
{
#define pwrpin PORTC3
#define gndpin PORTC2
    DDRC |= _BV(pwrpin) | _BV(gndpin);
    PORTC &=~ _BV(gndpin);
    PORTC |=  _BV(pwrpin);
    delay(100);  // wait for things to stabilize        
}

// initialize the I2C system, join the I2C bus,
// and tell the nunchuck we're talking to it
void nunchuck_init()
{ 
  Wire.begin();                      // join i2c bus as master
  Wire.beginTransmission(0x52);     // transmit to device 0x52
  Wire.write(0x40);            // sends memory address
  Wire.write(0x00);            // sends sent a zero.  
  Wire.endTransmission();     // stop transmitting
}

// Send a request for data to the nunchuck
// was "send_zero()"
void nunchuck_send_request()
{
  Wire.beginTransmission(0x52);     // transmit to device 0x52
  Wire.write(0x00);            // sends one byte
  Wire.endTransmission();     // stop transmitting
}

// Receive data back from the nunchuck, 
int nunchuck_get_data()
{
    int cnt=0;
    Wire.requestFrom (0x52, 6);     // request data from nunchuck
    while (Wire.available ()) {
      // receive byte as an integer
      nunchuck_buf[cnt] = nunchuk_decode_byte(Wire.read());
      cnt++;
    }
    nunchuck_send_request();  // send request for next data payload
    // If we recieved the 6 bytes, then go print them
    if (cnt >= 5) {
     return 1;   // success
    }
    return 0; //failure
}

// Print the input data we have recieved
// accel data is 10 bits long
// so we read 8 bits, then we have to add
// on the last 2 bits.  That is why I
// multiply them by 2 * 2
void nunchuck_print_data()
{ 
  static int i=0;
  int joy_x_axis = nunchuck_buf[0];
  int joy_y_axis = nunchuck_buf[1];

  int accel_x_axis = nunchuck_buf[2]; // * 2 * 2; 
  int accel_y_axis = nunchuck_buf[3]; // * 2 * 2;
  int accel_z_axis = nunchuck_buf[4]; // * 2 * 2;


  int z_button = 0;
  int c_button = 0;

  // byte nunchuck_buf[5] contains bits for z and c buttons
  // it also contains the least significant bits for the accelerometer data
  // so we have to check each bit of byte outbuf[5]
  if ((nunchuck_buf[5] >> 0) & 1) 
    z_button = 1;
  if ((nunchuck_buf[5] >> 1) & 1)
    c_button = 1;

  if ((nunchuck_buf[5] >> 2) & 1) 
    accel_x_axis += 2;
  if ((nunchuck_buf[5] >> 3) & 1)
    accel_x_axis += 1;

  if ((nunchuck_buf[5] >> 4) & 1)
    accel_y_axis += 2;
  if ((nunchuck_buf[5] >> 5) & 1)
    accel_y_axis += 1;

  if ((nunchuck_buf[5] >> 6) & 1)
    accel_z_axis += 2;
  if ((nunchuck_buf[5] >> 7) & 1)
    accel_z_axis += 1;

  Serial.print(i,DEC);
  Serial.print("\t");
  
  Serial.print("joy:");
  Serial.print(joy_x_axis,DEC);
  Serial.print(",");
  Serial.print(joy_y_axis, DEC);
  Serial.print("  \t");

  Serial.print("acc:");
  Serial.print(accel_x_axis, DEC);
  Serial.print(",");
  Serial.print(accel_y_axis, DEC);
  Serial.print(",");
  Serial.print(accel_z_axis, DEC);
  Serial.print("\t");

  Serial.print("but:");
  Serial.print(z_button, DEC);
  Serial.print(",");
  Serial.print(c_button, DEC);

  Serial.print("\r\n");  // newline
  i++;
}

// Encode data to format that most wiimote drivers except
// only needed if you use one of the regular wiimote drivers
char nunchuk_decode_byte (char x)
{
  x = (x ^ 0x17) + 0x17;
  return x;
}